Computer Ease

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Need a Tune Up?
Here are a few tips you might try…

Step 1
Create a System Restore Point
System Restore is a feature that backs up critical operating system files and settings, allowing you to safely restore them if you make a mistake. Think of it like Undo for Windows.
1. Click the Windows Start menu, type System Restore into the search box and press Enter on the keyboard.
2. Click Continue to the User Account Control Screen. This will bring up the System Restore Wizard, which will allow you to save the state of critical operating system files for later recovery if necessary.
3. Click Open System Protection, and then click Create.
4. In the box that appears, type “DIY Power Boost”, then click Create. Restore points are very thorough, so it may take a few moments to create it. A prompt will appear when finished, letting you know that the restore point is complete.
5. Click OK.
6. On the System Properties window, click OK.
7. On the System Restore window, click Cancel.
Now that you’ve got a safety net, move on to step 2.
Step 2
Modifying Virtual Memory
Virtual memory settings determine how Windows assigns memory resources to programs as they’re needed. By simplifying the configuration, Windows performance can be increased.
1. Click on the Windows Start button, in the search box type SystemPropertiesPerformance.
2. Click Continue to the User Account Control Screen.
3. Select the Advanced tab and click Change under the Virtual Memory section. Your current virtual memory settings will appear. The C: drive should be selected by default.
4. In the Paging file size for selected drive, select Custom size. Note the Recommended size in the section entitled Total paging file size for all drives.
5. Set both Initial size (MB) and Maximum size (MB) to this value.
6. Click Set to ensure the change is put into effect.
7. Press OK to close the window, then close the Performance Options and System Properties windows. If you are asked to restart your computer, go ahead.
When finished, you’re ready for step 3.
Step 3
Customize the Recycle Bin Size
Files placed in the recycle bin still take up space, even if you think they’re gone. By reducing the recycle bin’s maximum size, you can reduce wasted space.
1. Right click the Recycle Bin and select Properties.
2. In the window that appears, select the General tab, then select the Custom Size option and set Maximum size (MB) to 2048. This will allocate a smaller portion of your drives to the recycle bin, ensuring less wasted space. Reducing the Recycle bin size can impact your retrieval of mistakenly deleted items, adjust accordingly.
You’re now ready to move on to step 4.
Step 4
Disable Startup Items
Your computer follows a list of instructions every time it starts up, performing tasks and starting programs. By removing unnecessary items from this list, your startup time can be improved. This is an advanced step, however, and a familiarity with startup items and related troubleshooting is recommended.
1. Click the Windows Start menu, type MSCONFIG into the search box and press Enter on the keyboard.
2. Click on Continue to the User Account Control screen.
3. When the System Configuration Utility appears, select the Startup tab.
4. A list of your computer’s startup items will appear, allowing you to make changes to the programs and services that load when your computer boots up. Uncheck anything that isn’t necessary. Research any items you may have questions about. Disabling some items may cause aspects of the computer to not function correctly.
5. Click OK.
6. When asked to restart your computer, click Restart.
7. Upon restarting Windows, you may be prompted about the changes you’ve made. Check the box labeled Do not show this message and click OK.
8. If you experience trouble of any kind after modifying the startup item list, return to the System Configuration Utility and re-check the items you disabled.
Feeling faster yet? Time for step 5.
Step 5
Disable Unneeded Services
Windows manages an array of services that perform tasks and provide various capabilities. Not all are necessary, however. By removing the extraneous ones, your computer has less to juggle and will behave more responsively.
1. Click the Windows Start menu, type SERVICES.MSC into the search box and press Enter on the keyboard.
2. Click Continue to the User Account Control screen. The Services console will now appear, along with a complete list of services currently available on your computer.
3. Two of them can be safely disabled: Indexing Service and Remote Registry. To disable a service, find its name in the list, right click it, and select Properties.
4. In the window that appears, set the service’s Startup Type to Disabled and click OK.
5. After disabling both services, close the Services console.
Now that Windows has extra breathing room, move on to step 6.
Step 6
Delete Microsoft Windows Temporary files
Windows creates temporary files to store internal data needed for its operation. By periodically cleaning up these files, performance can be kept at its maximum level.
1. Click the Windows Start menu, type %temp% into the search box and press Enter on the keyboard. You should now see a folder titled Temp, with a list of folders.
2. Select all of the files in the folder either by pressing Ctrl A on the keyboard or by clicking on the Edit menu and selecting Select All.
3. With all of the files selected, press Delete on your keyboard, or right click on any of the highlighted icons and select Delete.
4. In the event that a given temporary file is in use, Windows will let you know and prevent you from deleting it. Don’t worry about these items just delete the files around them.
With more junk out of the way, get ready for step 7.
Step 7
Running the Disk Cleanup Utility
The Disk Cleanup Utility analyzes your hard drive and determines how much space it can free by deleting system files and resources that are no longer needed.
1. Click the Windows Start menu, type Disk Cleanup into the search box and press Enter.
2. When asked which files to clean up, select Files from all users on this computer if you only have 1 user account you may not see this screen.
3. Click Continue to the User Account Control screen.
The Disk Cleanup Utility will then begin a complete analysis of your hard drive to determine how much space can be freed. This process may take up to 3 minutes depending on the speed of your computer and the size of your hard drive.
4. Once complete, the Disk Cleanup window will appear. The Disk Cleanup tab lists the items that can be deleted and the amount of space each will free. Check the following items:
o Downloaded Program Files
o Temporary Internet Files
o Offline Web Pages
o Hibernation File Cleaner
o Recycle Bin (pending customer approval)
o Setup Log Files
o System error memory dump files
o System error minidump files
o Temporary Files
o Web Client / Publisher Temporary Files
o Thumbnails
5. Click OK, then click Delete Files when the Are you sure you want to permanently delete these files? prompt appears. The Disk Cleanup Utility will begin erasing the specified files and will close itself when finished.
Time for step 8!
Step 8
Uninstalling Programs
Often times, programs are installed but used only rarely, if ever. Nevertheless, unnecessary programs consume disk space and should be removed.
1. Click the Windows Start menu, type Programs and Features into the search box and press Enter. A list of all programs installed on your computer should appear.
2. Click the corresponding Uninstall button for each program you want to remove. This will initiate the program’s uninstall sequence, which is usually automatic.
3. Be sure to leave the Programs and Features window open for the next step.
Now that even more fat’s been trimmed, move on to step 9.
Step 9
Remove Unused Internet Explorer Toolbars
Special toolbars are commonly installed in Internet Explorer, sometimes even without a user’s knowledge. Removing them can greatly speed up browser performance.
1. If you completed the last step, the Programs and Features window should still be open.
2. This time, look for programs with names containing the word Toolbar.
3. Just like last time, select the unwanted programs and click their corresponding Uninstall buttons, click YES to the Are you sure you want to uninstall screen.
4. Close the Programs and Features window when finished uninstalling unwanted toolbars.
This is just one of many ways to optimize your browser. Step 10 continues the process.
Step 10
Set Internet Explorer Cache size to 50 MB
Internet Explorer stores copies of website data on the hard drive while browsing. Reducing the amount of space available for this process can free up hard drive space for other uses.
1. Click the Windows Start menu, type Internet Options into the search box and press Enter.
2. Under the General tab, look for a section called Temporary Internet Files (depending on your browser version).
3. Click the Settings button to bring up the Temporary Internet Files and History Settings window.
4. Set the spinner marked Disk space to use to 50 and click OK. You’ll be using the Internet Options window in the next step, so go ahead and leave it open.
Your browser’s low-disk-space diet has begun, so it’s time for step 11.
Step 11
Disabling Script debugging
Internet Explorer will alert you when a web page is improperly programmed, but this is usually unnecessary information that simply gets in your way. Disabling this option can make browsing a much smoother experience.
1. After the last step, the Internet Options window should still be open.
2. This time, open the Advanced Tab and find Disable Script Debugging (Internet Explorer) and Disable Script Debugging (Other), both of which should be in the Browsing section of the list.
3. Make sure both boxes are checked, and then click OK.
Your browser should be in good shape by now. Step 12 is next.
Step 12
Setup Windows Automatic Updates
Windows Update is a service that fixes bugs, keeps software up-to-date, and ensures your computer is protected from threats as they emerge.
1. Windows Update is most useful when it’s set to run automatically, ensuring you’re always up-to-date. To make sure you’re configured properly, click the Windows Start menu, type Windows Update into the search box and press Enter on the keyboard.
2. In the window that appears, select the Change Settings option located on the panel to the left.
3. Select Install updates automatically (recommended), and set Install updates to Everyday. It’s best to set the install time to a time when you’re unlikely to be using the computer (such as late at night or early in the morning).
4. Click OK to save the changes, then click Continue to the User Account Control screen.
Your PC’s operating system will now stay current, please go on to the 13 step.
Step 13
Defragment your Hard Drive
Defragmentation is an important part of cleaning a hard drive. It is also one of the least expensive and most overlooked methods of getting your computer to run more efficiently.
1. Click the Windows Start menu, type Disk Defragmenter into the search box and press Enter to start the File Defragmentation utility.
2. Click Continue to the User Control Account screen.
3. Click Defragment Now. Defragmenting a hard drive can be a time consuming process, and depends on the size of your hard drive, the amount of space in use, and other factors.

If you are having the problem with this screen coming up every time you launch either Office 2007 or Office 2010. Open Start then Run and copy and paste each one of these in. Office 2007 is Office 12.0 and Office 2010 is Office 14.0

reg add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Office\12.0\Word\Options /v NoReReg /t REG_DWORD /d 1

reg add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Office\14.0\Word\Options /v NoReReg /t REG_DWORD /d 1

Dynamic parameters
You can prepare statements that are allowed to have parameters for which the value is not specified when the statement is prepared using PreparedStatement methods in the JDBC API. These parameters are called dynamic parameters and are represented by a ?.
The JDBC API documents refer to dynamic parameters as IN, INOUT, or OUT parameters. In SQL, they are always IN parameters.
New: Derby supports the interface ParameterMetaData, new in JDBC 3.0. This interface describes the number, type, and properties of prepared statement parameters. See the Derby Developer’s Guide for more information.
You must specify values for them before executing the statement. The values specified must match the types expected.
• Dynamic parameters example
• Where dynamic parameters are allowed
Parent topic: SQL expressions
Related reference
SelectExpression
TableExpression
VALUES expression
Expression precedence
Boolean expressions

Expression precedence
Precedence of operations from highest to lowest is:
• (), ?, Constant (including sign), NULL, ColumnReference, ScalarSubquery, CAST
• LENGTH, CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, and other built-ins
• unary + and –
• *, /, || (concatenation)
• binary + and –
• comparisons, quantified comparisons, EXISTS, IN, IS NULL, LIKE, BETWEEN, IS
• NOT
• AND
• OR
You can explicitly specify precedence by placing expressions within parentheses. An expression within parentheses is evaluated before any operations outside the parentheses are applied to it.
Example
(3+4)*9
(age < 16 OR age > 65) AND employed = TRUE
Parent topic: SQL expressions
Related concepts
Dynamic parameters
Related reference
SelectExpression
TableExpression
VALUES expression
Boolean expressions

VALUES expression
The VALUES expression allows construction of a row or a table from other values. A VALUES expression can be used in all the places where a query can, and thus can be used in any of the following ways:
• As a statement that returns a ResultSet
• Within expressions and statements wherever subqueries are permitted
• As the source of values for an INSERT statement (in an INSERT statement, you normally use a VALUES expression when you do not use a SelectExpression)
Syntax
{
VALUES ( Value {, Value }* )
[ , ( Value {, Value }* ) ]* |
VALUES Value [ , Value ]*
}
where Value is defined as
Expression | DEFAULT
The first form constructs multi-column rows. The second form constructs single-column rows, each expression being the value of the column of the row.
The DEFAULT keyword is allowed only if the VALUES expression is in an INSERT statement. Specifying DEFAULT for a column inserts the column’s default value into the column. Another way to insert the default value into the column is to omit the column from the column list and only insert values into other columns in the table.
Examples
– 3 rows of 1 column
VALUES (1),(2),(3)
– 3 rows of 1 column
VALUES 1, 2, 3
– 1 row of 3 columns
VALUES (1, 2, 3)
– 3 rows of 2 columns
VALUES (1,21),(2,22),(3,23)
– constructing a derived table
VALUES (‘orange’, ‘orange’), (‘apple’, ‘red’),
(‘banana’, ‘yellow’)
– Insert two new departments using one statement into the DEPARTMENT table,
– but do not assign a manager to the new department.
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENT (DEPTNO, DEPTNAME, ADMRDEPT)
VALUES (‘B11′, ‘PURCHASING’, ‘B01′),
(‘E41′, ‘DATABASE ADMINISTRATION’, ‘E01′)
– insert a row with a DEFAULT value for the MAJPROJ column
INSERT INTO PROJECT (PROJNO, PROJNAME, DEPTNO, RESPEMP, PRSTDATE, MAJPROJ)
VALUES (‘PL2101′, ‘ENSURE COMPAT PLAN’, ‘B01′, ’000020′, CURRENT_DATE, DEFAULT)

– using a built-in function
VALUES CURRENT_DATE
– getting the value of an arbitrary expression
VALUES (3*29, 26.0E0/3)
– getting a value returned by a built-in function
values char(1)
Parent topic: SQL expressions
Related concepts
Dynamic parameters
Related reference
SelectExpression
TableExpression
Expression precedence
Boolean expressions

TableExpression
A TableExpression specifies a table, view, or function in a FROM clause. It is the source from which a SelectExpression selects a result.
A correlation name can be applied to a table in a TableExpression so that its columns can be qualified with that name. If you do not supply a correlation name, the table name qualifies the column name. When you give a table a correlation name, you cannot use the table name to qualify columns. You must use the correlation name when qualifying column names.
No two items in the FROM clause can have the same correlation name, and no correlation name can be the same as an unqualified table name specified in that FROM clause.
In addition, you can give the columns of the table new names in the AS clause. Some situations in which this is useful:
• When a VALUES expression is used as a TableSubquery, since there is no other way to name the columns of a VALUES expression.
• When column names would otherwise be the same as those of columns in other tables; renaming them means you don’t have to qualify them.
The Query in a TableSubquery appearing in a FromItem can contain multiple columns and return multiple rows. See TableSubquery.
For information about the optimizer overrides you can specify, see Tuning Derby.
Syntax
{
TableViewOrFunctionExpression | JOIN operation
}
Example
– SELECT from a Join expression
SELECT E.EMPNO, E.LASTNAME, M.EMPNO, M.LASTNAME
FROM EMPLOYEE E LEFT OUTER JOIN
DEPARTMENT INNER JOIN EMPLOYEE M
ON MGRNO = M.EMPNO
ON E.WORKDEPT = DEPTNO
• TableViewOrFunctionExpression
Parent topic: SQL expressions
Related concepts
Dynamic parameters
Related reference
SelectExpression
VALUES expression
Expression precedence
Boolean expressions

SelectExpression
A SelectExpression is the basic SELECT-FROM-WHERE construct used to build a table value based on filtering and projecting values from other tables.
Syntax
SELECT [ DISTINCT | ALL ] SelectItem [ , SelectItem ]*
FROM clause
[ WHERE clause ]
[ GROUP BY clause ]
[ HAVING clause ]
SelectItem:
{
* |
{ table-Name | correlation-Name } .* |
Expression [AS Simple-column-Name ]
}
The SELECT clause contains a list of expressions and an optional quantifier that is applied to the results of the FROM clause and the WHERE clause. If DISTINCT is specified, only one copy of any row value is included in the result. Nulls are considered duplicates of one another for the purposes of DISTINCT. If no quantifier, or ALL, is specified, no rows are removed from the result in applying the SELECT clause (ALL is the default).
A SelectItem projects one or more result column values for a table result being constructed in a SelectExpression.
The result of the FROM clause is the cross product of the FROM items. The WHERE clause can further qualify this result.
The WHERE clause causes rows to be filtered from the result based on a boolean expression. Only rows for which the expression evaluates to TRUE are returned in the result.
The GROUP BY clause groups rows in the result into subsets that have matching values for one or more columns. GROUP BY clauses are typically used with aggregates.
If there is a GROUP BY clause, the SELECT clause must contain only aggregates or grouping columns. If you want to include a non-grouped column in the SELECT clause, include the column in an aggregate expression. For example:
– List head count of each department,
– the department number (WORKDEPT), and the average departmental salary (SALARY)
– for all departments in the EMPLOYEE table.
– Arrange the result table in ascending order by average departmental salary.
SELECT COUNT(*),WORK_DEPT,AVG(SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEE
GROUP BY WORK_DEPT
ORDER BY 3
If there is no GROUP BY clause, but a SelectItem contains an aggregate not in a subquery, the query is implicitly grouped. The entire table is the single group.
The HAVING clause restricts a grouped table, specifying a search condition (much like a WHERE clause) that can refer only to grouping columns or aggregates from the current scope. The HAVING clause is applied to each group of the grouped table. If the HAVING clause evaluates to TRUE, the row is retained for further processing. If the HAVING clause evaluates to FALSE or NULL, the row is discarded. If there is a HAVING clause but no GROUP BY, the table is implicitly grouped into one group for the entire table.
Derby processes a SelectExpression in the following order:
• FROM clause
• WHERE clause
• GROUP BY (or implicit GROUP BY)
• HAVING clause
• SELECT clause
The result of a SelectExpression is always a table.
When a query does not have a FROM clause (when you are constructing a value, not getting data out of a table), you use a VALUES expression, not a SelectExpression. For example:
VALUES CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
See VALUES expression.
The * wildcard
* expands to all columns in the tables in the associated FROM clause.
table-Name.* and correlation-Name.* expand to all columns in the identified table. That table must be listed in the associated FROM clause.
Naming columns
You can name a SelectItem column using the AS clause. If a column of a SelectItem is not a simple ColumnReference expression or named with an AS clause, it is given a generated unique name.
These column names are useful in several cases:
• They are made available on the JDBC ResultSetMetaData.
• They are used as the names of the columns in the resulting table when the SelectExpression is used as a table subquery in a FROM clause.
• They are used in the ORDER BY clause as the column names available for sorting.
– this example shows SELECT-FROM-WHERE
– with an ORDER BY clause
– and correlation-Names for the tables
SELECT CONSTRAINTNAME, COLUMNNAME
FROM SYS.SYSTABLES t, SYS.SYSCOLUMNS col,
SYS.SYSCONSTRAINTS cons, SYS.SYSCHECKS checks
WHERE t.TABLENAME = ‘FLIGHTS’ AND t.TABLEID = col.
REFERENCEID AND t.TABLEID = cons.TABLEID
AND cons.CONSTRAINTID = checks.CONSTRAINTID
ORDER BY CONSTRAINTNAME
– This example shows the use of the DISTINCT clause
SELECT DISTINCT ACTNO
FROM EMP_ACT
– This example shows how to rename an expression
– Using the EMPLOYEE table, list the department number (WORKDEPT) and
– maximum departmental salary (SALARY) renamed as BOSS
– for all departments whose maximum salary is less than the
– average salary in all other departments.
SELECT WORKDEPT AS DPT, MAX(SALARY) AS BOSS
FROM EMPLOYEE EMP_COR
GROUP BY WORKDEPT
HAVING MAX(SALARY) < (SELECT AVG(SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEE
WHERE NOT WORKDEPT = EMP_COR.WORKDEPT)
ORDER BY BOSS
Parent topic: SQL expressions
Related concepts
Dynamic parameters
Related reference
TableExpression
VALUES expression
Expression precedence
Boolean expressions